Threatened and endangered species feature: peregrine falcon
June 18, 2014
Through generous support from DTE Energy, the DNR is celebrating the 40th anniversary of Michigan’s Endangered Species Act from now through September. Each week, an important species will be featured.
Peregrine falcons are the fastest-flying birds in the world, reaching speeds of 200 miles per hour in a dive. Powerful and fierce, the peregrine falcon hunts small and medium-sized birds, dropping down on them from high above. Distinguishable by their dark brown backs and white faces with a black tear on their cheeks, these regal raptors can be seen on cliffs in the Upper Peninsula and in cities across the state.
Peregrine falcons are currently endangered in Michigan. They were included on the first list of endangered species created under Michigan’s Endangered Species Act. Pesticides took their toll on this bird of prey, and they were virtually eradicated from eastern North America by the middle of the 20th century.
After World War II, the use of a new insecticide known as DDT increased. Small birds and mammals accumulated the pesticide in their bodies. Raptors feeding on the contaminated birds and rodents were, in turn, poisoned by a progressive build-up of the pesticide. DDT was especially harmful to birds because it caused eggshell thinning, which resulted in weak eggs that broke under pressure.
After significant recovery efforts, peregrine falcons have made an incredible rebound and are now regularly seen in many large cities and coastal areas. In 2012, there were 12 confirmed nesting pairs in Michigan!