The Kirtland’s warbler: June’s Migratory Bird Treaty Centennial featured bird
The Kirtland’s warbler is one of Michigan’s special creatures, an international traveler who calls the Great Lakes area – and nowhere else on Earth – its summertime home. Ninety-nine percent of the world’s Kirtland’s warblers nest here, making their success story unique to Michigan!Kirtland’s warblers are small birds, roughly the size of a tufted titmouse. The males have blueish-gray backs, yellow bellies and chins, and whitish undertail feathers. Their faces sport a bright, broken white eye ring and a black patch in front of the eye. The female birds are duller grey on their backs and lack the black face markings.
The Kirtland’s warbler is among the rarest wood warblers in North America. It nests mainly in young jack pine forests on public lands near the Au Sable River drainage and winters in the Bahamas. The males return to Michigan in early to mid-May, a few days ahead of the females. The males establish and defend territories and then court the females when they arrive. The males’ song is loud, yet low-pitched.
Kirtland’s warblers have very specific habitat requirements; they prefer large blocks of young jack pine, usually hundreds of acres in size. The Kirtland’s warbler is a ground-nester, often using the living branches of five- to 20-foot-tall jack pine trees to conceal their nests. Because of these specific requirements, stands of jack pine trees must be actively managed. Large areas of sandy soils are planted with jack pine and then cut decades later, on specific intervals, to achieve the perfect-aged stands. Jack pine is an important resource for the timber industry. Read more
